nephSAP: Volume 3
Volume 3, Number 1, January 2004
Genetic Diseases of the Kidney
Vicente Torres, MD and Steven Scheinman, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
Many genes involved in inherited kidney diseases have been identified in recent years. Gene mutations have been detected in affected families; in most cases, these mutations are "private," which means that each family carries its own mutation....
Volume 3, Number 2, March 2004
Renal Osteodystrophy, Disorders of Divalent Ions, and Nephrolithiasis
Stanley Goldfarb, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
Calciphylaxis is a skin disorder characterized by arteriolar calcification in the dermis, leading to a presentation of painful red nodules or plaques, often with livido reticularis, that progress to ulcerative lesions with necrotic centers and violaceous ...
Volume 3, Number 3, May 2004
End-Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis
John M. Burkart, MD and Thomas A. Depner, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
Students of history often seek the answers to contemporary questions by first looking to the past. When Congress approved the Social Security amendments in 1972 to federally finance the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), prolonging the lives of ...
Volume 3, Number 4, July 2004
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Disturbances
Richard H. Sterns, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
The 2003 Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Roderick Mackinnon and Peter Agre for answering two complementary questions: (1) How does a cell let one type of ion through the lipid membrane to the exclusion of others?; and (2) How does water permeate t...
Volume 3, Number 5, September 2004
Acute Renal Failure
Paul M. Palevsky, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
Despite significant advances in the dialytic management of acute renal failure (ARF) over the last four decades, the perception is that the associated mortality has not changed significantly (1– 4)....
Volume 3, Number 6, November 2004
Chronic Kidney Disease and Progression
Mark E. Rosenberg, MD and Chi-yuan Hsu, MD
6.0 category 1 credits
Since its isolation and characterization 50 yr ago, clinicians and medical investigators have perceived aldosterone primarily as a major regulator of extracellular fluid volume and the major determinant of potassium metabolism (1–5)....