Abstract: TH-PO427
Restriction of Both P and Caloric Intake Decrease Renal Damage Induced by Cafeteria-Style Diet
Session Information
- Nutrition, Inflammation, Metabolism: Basic Mechanisms
November 02, 2017 | Location: Hall H, Morial Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Category: Nutrition, Inflammation, and Metabolism
- 1401 Nutrition, Inflammation, Metabolism
Authors
- Lopez, Ignacio, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Esquinas, Paula, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Rios-Varo, Rafael, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Pineda, Carmen, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Raya bermudez, Ana isabel, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Rodriguez, Mariano, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
- Aguilera-tejero, Escolastico, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
Background
Energy dense diets, which also tend to be rich in P (cafeteria-style diets), are associated to metabolic syndrome, diabetes and kidney disease. In this study, renal damage after feeding a diet rich in P and calories was investigated. In addition, the influence of P and caloric intake restriction on renal pathology was assessed.
Methods
Wistar rats (n=32) were divided in 4 groups (n=8) and fed either: normocaloric (3518 kcal/kg) with normal P (0.6%) diet (NC-NP), hypercaloric (5241 kcal/kg) with high P (1.2%) diet (HC-HP), HC with low P (0.2%) diet (HC-LP), and hypocaloric (1314 kcal/kg) with HP diet (hC-HP). After 210 days, renal tissue was obtained and processed for optical (OM) and electronic microscopy (TEM). Lesions were graduated with a semi-quantitative scale of 0-3: 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe) or in percentage.
Results
The table 1 shows OM scores. Feeding HC-HP diet resulted in significant renal lesions. Both P and caloric restriction attenuated renal damage. P restriction was more effective at preventing nephrocalcinosis while caloric restriction was more effective at preventing glomerular damage.
Ultrastructurally, TEM lesions correlated to OM lesions. The main alterations observed in the HC-HP group by TEM were: hyperactivity of the epithelial and mesangial cells, capillary remodeling, tubular atrophic changes and increased fibroblast and cell inflammatory activity. These lesions were attenuated in the HC-LP and hC-HP groups.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the results suggest a synergistic deleterious effect of high caloric and high phosphorus intake on the kidney. Both P and caloric restriction can attenuate renal damage although their influence on renal pathology show differential characteristics.
Table1
| Glomerular Retraction (%) | Basal Membrane Thickness (0-3) | Tubular Dilatation (0-3) | Tubular Atrophy (0-3) | Fibrosis (0-3) | Calcification (0-3) | |
| NC-NP | 10,00±3,77a | 0,00±0,00a | 0,75±0,46a | 0,12±0,33a | 0,00±0,00a | 0,00±0,00a |
| HC-HP | 38,5 ± 4,81b | 1,88 ± 0,35b | 2,25 ± 0,70b | 1,75 ±0,46b | 2,25 ± 0,70b | 2,25 ± 0,70b |
| HC-LP | 16.5±2,26c | 1,50±0,53c | 1,25± 0,46a | 0,75±0,70c | 0,75±0,46c | 0,00±0,00a |
| hC-HP | 12,50±3,29a | 1,12±0,35c | 1,12±0,83a | 0,96±0,35c | 1,12±0,64c | 0,625±0,51c |
Values are mean ±SE; a,b,c For each parameter, data with different superscripts are significantly (P < 0.05) different between diets.
Funding
- Government Support - Non-U.S.