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Abstract: SA-PO142

Changes in Protein Intake among Adults with and without CKD: NHANES 2003-2014

Session Information

Category: Nutrition, Inflammation, and Metabolism

  • 1401 Nutrition, Inflammation, Metabolism

Authors

  • Siegel, Karen R, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • Pavkov, Meda E., Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Background

Consuming a diet with moderate amounts of protein is recommended for all individuals, including those with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

Methods

Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2003-2008 (T1) and 2009-2014 (T2), we estimated changes in protein intake over time and the percentage of adults consuming above the RDA average recommended amount of protein (56 gram[g]/day for men, 46 g/day for women), overall and by CKD status. We included adults ≥19 years old, excluded those pregnant or lactating, those with missing data on CKD status, diabetes status, or protein intake. The final analytic sample yielded 12,302 adults for T1 and 13,293 adults for T2. An average of 2 days of 24-hour dietary recalls were used to estimate protein intake. Protein intake was converted to kcal by multiplying each g by 4 kcal; to calculate protein intake as percentage of dietary intake, we divided by total daily kcal. CKD status was defined by albuminuria and/or eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2.

Results

Overall, protein intake was 98.8 g (Standard Error: 0.7), or 395 kcal, for men and 68.8 g (0.5), or 275 kcal, for women in T1; 97.3 g (0.6), or 389 kcal, for men and 69.3 g (0.4), or 277 kcal, for women in T2. This translates into 84.3% (0.7) of men and 77.8% (0.8) of women consuming above the recommended amount in T1, and 84.5% (0.5) of men and 78.2% (0.5) of women exceeding recommended protein intake in T2. In both time periods adults with CKD were less likely than those without CKD to consume above the recommended protein intake (83.1% vs 90.5% among men and 77.2% vs 83.7% among women in T1, and 82.7% vs 90.8% among men and 76.5% vs 84.1% among women in T2).

Conclusion

The percentage of the population exceeding protein intake recommendations remained high in 2003-2008 and 2009-2014. There is much room for improvement in reducing protein intake and potentially slowing disease progression in those with CKD. In ongoing work we also examine types of protein (e.g., animal, dairy, plant) and how their intake varies by CKD status.