Abstract: FR-PO461
Prevalence and Severity of Dental Plaque and Dental Calculus in Patients with CKD
Session Information
- CKD: Risk Factors for Incidence and Progression - II
November 03, 2017 | Location: Hall H, Morial Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Category: Chronic Kidney Disease (Non-Dialysis)
- 301 CKD: Risk Factors for Incidence and Progression
Authors
- Kalra, Namita, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India
- Roy, Ujjawal, Orchid Medical Centre, Ranchi, India
- Agarwal, Sunil, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, Delhi, India
- Tripathi, Ashok Kumar, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India
- Kalra, Om Parkash, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Background
Patients with CKD have impaired immune responses which may predispose them to various infections, such as dental plaque. Further, altered calcium phosphorus balance and high prevalence of mineral bone disease may result in poor dental health including dental calculus, decayed and missing teeth. The goal of this study was to assess the status of dental plaque, dental calculus and missing teeth in patients with CKD.
Methods
150 age and sex matched subjects were recruited under 3 groups, 50 in each. These included : Group A - healthy controls; Group B - patients with CKD stage 3 to 5 not yet on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and Group C - patients of CKD stage 5 who were on MHD for >1 month. Detailed examination of the teeth for dental plaque and dental calculus was done. Severity of dental plaque and dental calculus was assessed by using dental plaque and calculus scores on a scale of 1 to 3. Dental plaque and dental calculus score was calculated after recording individual dental plaque and calculus score and dividing it by the number of teeth examined. Patients with history of recent tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, oral infection and drug intake such as calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, immuno-suppressants and allograft recipients were excluded.
Results
Mean dental plaque score and dental calculus score in patients with CKD were significantly higher as compared to healthy controls (p<0.001 for both). Mean dental plaque score was: healthy controls : 0.98±0.39, Group B : 1.56±0.52 and Group C : 1.81±0.53. Mean dental calculus score was: healthy controls : 0.91±0.65, Group B : 1.77±0.56 and Group C : 1.81±0.56. Further, it was found that the dental plaque score showed a progressive rise with increase in severity of kidney disease. Patients of CKD stage 5 who had been on MHD had significantly higher mean dental plaque score as compared to those with CKD stage 5 who had not yet been started on HD (p=0.029). Further, patients with CKD had higher number of missing teeth (Group B – 2.36±4.08, Group C – 2.64±3.60) as compared to healthy controls (1.10±2.28).
Conclusion
Patients with CKD have higher prevalence of dental plaque and dental calculus. The prevalence of dental plaque correlates with increase in severity of kidney disease. Higher prevalence of dental pathology may contribute to malnutrition in patients with CKD.