Abstract: FR-PO0084
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of AKI in the Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Session Information
- AKI: Epidemiology and Clinical Trials
November 07, 2025 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Acute Kidney Injury
- 102 AKI: Clinical, Outcomes, and Trials
Authors
- Okoye, Ogochukwu Chinedum, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta, Nigeria
- Ajuyah, Roli, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta, Nigeria
- Odonmeta, Bemigho Ayo, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta, Nigeria
Background
AKI poses a significant health burden on critically-ill patients but there is limited epidemiological evidence from low—and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI and the risk factors for major adverse kidney events (MAKE)
Methods
This prospective cohort study involved 110 patients admitted into the intensive care unit of the study insitution, over 10 months with a three-month follow-up period. A researcher-structured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant socio-demographic data, and clinical data. Blood was collected for serum creatinine assay on days 0, 2, 7, 30 and 90, and the diagnosis of AKI was determined using the KDIGO criteria. Major adverse kidney event was defined as the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), progression of chronic kidney disease or death.
Results
The incidence of AKI using the KDIGO serum creatinine and urine output criteria was 60.9%. Seven patients (6.4%) had stage 3 AKI, with stages 1 and 2 comprising 36 (32.7%) and 24 (21.8%) patients, respectively. Risk factors for AKI included increasing age, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, and hypoalbuminemia. The only independent risk factor was diabetes mellitus (AOR = 29.56; CI = 1.11 – 78.70). The outcomes of AKI were recovery (85%), need for RRT (23.9%), death (9%) and progression to CKD (6%). The risk factors for progression to CKD were heart failure (P=<0.001), older age (P=0.001), hypertension (P=0.031), and lower mean serum bicarbonate (P=0.049).
Conclusion
Patients admitted into the ICU require thorough evaluation to identify risk factors for AKI to promptly intervene. Patients with diabetes mellitus should be optimised, especially before surgeries or procedures. The evidence of considerable adverse outcomes necessitates close and long-term monitoring of patients after discharge
Figure 2: Box-plot showing the APACHE scores of patients who developed AKI, according to outcome status.