ASN's Mission

To create a world without kidney diseases, the ASN Alliance for Kidney Health elevates care by educating and informing, driving breakthroughs and innovation, and advocating for policies that create transformative changes in kidney medicine throughout the world.

learn more

Contact ASN

1401 H St, NW, Ste 900, Washington, DC 20005

email@asn-online.org

202-640-4660

The Latest on X

Kidney Week

Abstract: TH-PO0231

PTH-Independent Hypercalcemia After Kidney Transplantation Caused by Redistribution from Soft-Tissue Calcifications

Session Information

Category: Bone and Mineral Metabolism

  • 502 Bone and Mineral Metabolism: Clinical

Authors

  • Geranpayeh, Tanya, Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States
  • Maalouf, Naim M., The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
  • Borda Sanchez, Gustavo Alfonso, Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States
  • Akinfolarin, Akinwande A., Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States
  • Canan, Arzu, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
Introduction

PTH-independent hypercalcemia (PIHC) may be caused by a variety of etiologies. We report a case of PIHC in a kidney transplant recipient with extensive soft tissue calcifications in whom persistent hypercalcemia resolved after gradual decrease in calcifications evidenced by CT-scan.

Case Description

A 21-year-old man with end stage renal disease due to vesicoureteral reflux since early childhood underwent combined heart-lung-kidney transplant due to significant metastatic calcifications in the heart, lungs, and other tissues. He underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy (PTX) 4 months post-transplantation due to persistent hypercalcemia despite maximum dose cinacalcet. Post-PTX, PTH level dropped and remained low, but serum calcium remained elevated. Further work-up was notable for low serum PTHrP, normal 25-OH-Vit D and 1,25-OH2-Vit D levels, and ruled out multiple myeloma, adrenal insufficiency, and other common PIHC causes. Serum calcium remained elevated for approximately two years post-transplantation despite multiple measures including anti-resorptive therapy, before eventually normalizing with no specific intervention. The patient endorsed regression of hard calcified tissue in his elbows and under skin starting within weeks post-transplantation, and this was confirmed by serial chest CT scans performed over subsequent years, using dedicated software to measure calcification volume and mass (Table)

Discussion

We report a case of hypercalcemia after kidney transplantation which persisted despite PTX. Decline in serum calcium was observed in parallel with a decrease in subcutaneous soft tissue calcifications clinically and diaphragmatic calcifications on imaging. We propose that PIHC was caused by mobilization of calcium from calcified tissues to the bloodstream.

Test, unitspre-TX4 months post-TX6 months post-TX9 months post-TX1 year post-TX2 years post-TX3 years post-TX5 years post-TX
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2752483131263022
Serum calcium, mg/dl1214.61211.411.910.510.18.9
Serum Phosphorus, mg/dl632.743.33.32.83.9
Serum 25-OH-vit D, ng/ml53.9ND242726194518
Serum 1,25-OH2-vit D, Pg/ml328.2<8<8NDNDNDND
Serum PTH, Pg/ml144.489.4172818NDNDND
Diaphragmatic calcification volume, mm3ND4381NDND5813404640303020
Diaphragmatic calcification mass, mgND851NDND1088801779543

Tx: Transplantation, PTX: Parathyroidectomy

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)