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Abstract: SA-PO0356

Does a Collective Socioeconomic and Community Factor Affect the Association Between Race and End-of-Life Care in Dialysis?

Session Information

Category: Dialysis

  • 801 Dialysis: Hemodialysis and Frequent Dialysis

Authors

  • Noorani, Naziya, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • Paul, Sudeshna, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • Plantinga, Laura, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
  • Song, Mi-Kyung, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Background

Non-White adults on dialysis are more likely to receive intensive end-of-life (EOL) treatment than White adults. Recent studies suggest that individual community factors (e.g., poverty, lack of access to transportation) may influence the relationship between race and EOL care. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) is an aggregate measure of socioeconomic and community-level factors that make individuals and communities susceptible to the negative impacts of hazards. We examined whether SVI modifies the relationship between race and EOL treatment.

Methods

Using USRDS data of adults on maintenance dialysis who died between 2010 and 2020 (149,769 decedents), we examined EOL treatment (e.g., ICU admissions, intubation, hospice) during the last month of life. Residential county-level SVI scores (range=0-1; higher SVI=higher vulnerability) were categorized into tertiles (low, moderate, and high). We examined whether the associations between race and EOL care differed by SVI using logistic regression models with an interaction term (race x SVI).

Results

Non-White decedents (n=44,955) were nearly 3 times more likely to live in high SVI areas compared to White decedents (OR: 2.95; 95% CI: 2.88-3.01) and, overall, had 16% higher odds of an ICU admission and 20% lower odds of receiving hospice care in the last month of life. There was no difference by race in the odds of hospitalization or receiving dialysis in the last month of life. Across SVI tertiles, The estimates of racial differences in EOL treatment were similar (Table 1).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that social vulnerability may not modify the association between race and EOL care intensity.

Table 1. Associations between race and EOL care by SVI tertile
 OR comparing non-White to White (95% CI) for:
 ICU AdmissionIntubationHospice
Overall1.16 (1.13-1.18)1.59 (1.53-1.65)0.80 (0.78-0.81)
Stratified estimates within SVI tertile   
Low (0.00-0.41)1.15 (1.10-1.21)1.64 (1.50-1.79)0.73 (0.69-0.76)
Moderate (0.41-0.67)1.06 (1.02-1.10)1.40 (1.30-1.50)0.79 (0.76-0.82)
High (0.67-1.00)1.15 (1.11-1.20)1.55 (1.45-1.65)0.78 (0.75-0.81)
p-value for Race x SVI0.0050.0050.019

ORs adjusted for age at death, sex, last dialysis modality, previous transplant recipient, and number of comorbid conditions

Funding

  • Other NIH Support

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)