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Kidney Week

Abstract: SA-PO0687

Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients with Valganciclovir-Associated Leukopenia

Session Information

Category: Pediatric Nephrology

  • 1900 Pediatric Nephrology

Authors

  • Ranabothu, Saritha, University of Arkansas System, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
  • Blake, Laura, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Background

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains a leading infectious complication in pediatric kidney transplant recipients, especially in high-risk (D+/R-) patients. Valganciclovir, commonly used for CMV prophylaxis for up to 6 months post-transplant, can be associated with leukopenia, which may necessitate alternative therapies. Letermovir, recently approved for CMV prophylaxis in high-risk kidney transplant recipients 12 years and older, may offer a safer alternative in select pediatric patients. There is not much data available on the safety and efficacy of letermovir use in pediatric kidney transplants when switched from valganciclovir due to adverse effects.

Methods

This is a retrospective chart review on outcomes in high- to moderate-risk pediatric kidney transplant recipients switched from valganciclovir to letermovir for CMV prophylaxis due to leukopenia. Data collected included patient demographics (Table 1), transplant characteristics, white blood cell (WBC) count, incidence of CMV viremia, and adverse events

Results

Four high- to moderate-risk pediatric kidney transplant recipients (median age 17 years) were included. The switch to letermovir occurred at a median of 13 weeks post-transplant due to valganciclovir-induced leukopenia. Following the switch, WBC count improved significantly in all patients, with a mean increase of 4.75 K/µL at 1-2 weeks. Filgrastim was administered to all patients, potentially influencing WBC count. Following the switch to letermovir, 2 patients no longer required filgrastim use. Three patients did not develop CMV viremia during letermovir use (median duration 10 weeks). One patient remains on letermovir, and their response is not yet accurately assessable. Letermovir was well-tolerated with no adverse events.

Conclusion

Letermovir is a promising alternative for CMV prophylaxis in high- to moderate-risk pediatric kidney transplants experiencing valganciclovir-induced leukopenia. Its use resulted in hematologic recovery without compromising CMV prevention. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Study IDAgeGenderType of kidney transplantCMV statusInduction immunosuppressionWeeks on valganciclovir post-transplantPre-switch WBCPost switch WBC at 1-2 weeksWeeks on letermovir post switch
112FDDKTD-/R+ATG31.95 K/µL8.77 K/µLongoing
217MDDKTD+/R-ATG131.55 K/µL5.44 K/µL10
317MDDKTD+/R-ATG120.90 K/µL5.41 K/µL13
418FDDKTD+/R+ATG132.39 K/µL6.20 K/µL10

DDKT: deceased donor kidney transplant ATG: antithymocyte globulin

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)