Kidney Week

Abstract: TH-PO1043

Unveiling the Current Landscape of CKD Diagnosis and Treatment in China: A National Multicenter Analysis

Session Information

• CKD: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Other Conditions
  November 06, 2025 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)

• 2301 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Authors

• Zou, Qing, Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Qing Zou

• Nie, Sheng, Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Sheng Nie, MD, PhD

• Xu, Xin, Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Xin Xu, MD, PhD

Background

This study aims to delineate the epidemiological features and treatment landscape of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in China to inform and optimize clinical practice by using a nationwide, high-quality, disease-specific CKD database.

Methods

We analyzed data from adult CKD patients in the China Renal Data System database.
Patients were stratified by:
●CKD stage (including stage 5 subgroups: dialysis, transplant, and non-dialysis)
●Nephrology consultation status
●Periods of treatment: 2010-2014, 2015-2019, and 2020-2023.
Key outcomes included:
●Clinical characteristics
●Medication utilization patterns
●Missed diagnosis rates

Results

This nationwide analysis of 832,641 CKD patients in China revealed a high burden of advanced disease: 23.2% of the cohort had stage 5 CKD. Median age 59.5 years (IQR 45.8-72.1) with eGFR 58.5 mL/min/1.73m² (IQR 30.2-91.3); 39% had severe proteinuria (A3). Comorbidities were common (hypertension: 68.7%; dyslipidemia: 61.2%) and worsened with CKD progression.
Treatment gaps were evident: only 29.9% of patients received guideline-recommended RAAS inhibitors, peaking at 37.1% in stage 3. Nephrology-managed patients received more comprehensive care （Figure 1).
The overall missed diagnosis rate has shown improvement over time, decreasing from 45.1% during the period of 2010-2014 to 35.4% in 2020-2023. However, missed diagnosis rates in early-stage CKD (1-3) remain alarmingly high (over 40%). Nephrology care reduced missed diagnoses to 10% (Figure 2).

Conclusion

This study reveals significant delays and inadequacies in the diagnosis and treatment of CKD in China, with an urgent need to enhance early screening, promote guidelines, and foster multidisciplinary collaboration.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

• doi: 10.1681/ASN.202537v4f3gb