Kidney Week

Abstract: FR-PO1067

Association Between Supplemental Protein Intake and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: Analysis of the 2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Session Information

• Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
  November 07, 2025 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

• 1500 Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

Authors

• Mohpichai, Nopavit, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

Nopavit Mohpichai

• Wongmat, Napat, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Napat Wongmat, MD

• Puyati, Weerinth, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Weerinth Puyati, MD

• Wareesawetsuwan, Nicha, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Nicha Wareesawetsuwan, MD

• Yongkiatkan, Panchanit, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Panchanit Yongkiatkan, MD

• Chamnarnphol, Natanon, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Natanon Chamnarnphol, MD

• Noree, Wanprapit, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Wanprapit Noree, MD

• Gangeddula, Vishwaas Reddy, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Vishwaas Reddy Gangeddula

• Kim, Seonghyeon, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Seonghyeon Kim

• Lapadjyan, Mary E, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Mary E Lapadjyan

• Massihians, Monique, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Monique Massihians

• Shahnazarian, Christine T, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Christine T Shahnazarian

• Liu, Yangjiayi, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Yangjiayi Liu

• Park, David, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

David Park

• Ho, Meghan Y, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Meghan Y Ho, MPH

• Sibia, Gurleen Kaur, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Gurleen Kaur Sibia

• Ghaffarian, Bahaar S, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Bahaar S Ghaffarian

• Kookanok, Chutawat, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Chutawat Kookanok, MD

• Kulthamrongsri, Narathorn, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Narathorn Kulthamrongsri, MD

• Wattanachayakul, Phuuwadith, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Phuuwadith Wattanachayakul, MD

• Bunyawannukul, Issaree, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Issaree Bunyawannukul, MD

• Supapwanich, Palakorn, Excellent Center for Organ Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Palakorn Supapwanich, MD

• Lee, Kyung hee, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States

Kyung hee Lee, MD

• Kantachuvesiri, Surasak, Excellent Center for Organ Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Surasak Kantachuvesiri, MD

• Tantisattamo, Ekamol, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

Ekamol Tantisattamo, MD, MPH, FASN

Background

Supplemental protein intake (SPI) is increasingly used by adults. While higher dietary protein intake (DPI) is linked to worse kidney function, especially in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the impact of SPI on kidney function remains unclear. This study evaluates the association between SPI and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a representative U.S. population.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 2007–2020 NHANES data included participants with self-reported SPI, normalized to body weight (g/kg/day). Associations between SPI and eGFR were assessed using multivariate linear regression adjusted for age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, smoking, dietary protein and sodium intake, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. Subgroup analyses were conducted for non-CKD and CKD groups (eGFR ≥ and < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²).

Results

Of 949 adult participants, mean age was 58 ± 16 years and 49% were male. Median SPI was 0.009 g/kg/day (IQR 0.006–0.015). Mean eGFR was 88 ± 21 mL/min/1.73 m².

Every 1 g/kg/day increase in SPI was associated with 23 mL/min/1.73 m² rise in eGFR (β = 23.13; 95% CI: 9.43, 36.84). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, each 1 g/kg/day increase in SPI was linked to a 13.11 mL/min/1.73 m² decrease in eGFR (adjusted β = –13.11; 95% CI: –24.62, –1.60).

For stratified subgroup analysis, there was no significant association found among 87 non-CKD participants (adjusted β = 5.10; 95% CI: –13.56, 6.46), whereas SPI was significantly associated with lower eGFR in the remaining 862 CKD participants (adjusted β = –64.88; 95% CI: –97.17, –32.59).

Conclusion

Higher SPI was independently associated with lower eGFR, particularly in individuals with CKD, but not in those without CKD. Protein supplements should be used cautiously in CKD.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

• doi: 10.1681/ASN.2025qtamaqja