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Abstract: SA-PO1039

An Intriguing Case of Arteriovenous Fistula Mass

Session Information

Category: Transplantation

  • 2102 Transplantation: Clinical

Authors

  • Khalid, Kanza, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
  • Hannouneh, Zein Alabdin, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
  • Abu Al Rub, Fadee, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
  • Bastani, Bahar, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
  • Caliskan, Yasar, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States

Group or Team Name

  • SSM Saint Louis University Hospital, Department of Nephrology.
Introduction

Arteriovenous (AV) fistula in kidney transplant recipients may develop complications such as thrombosis, aneurysms or infection, however cancer metastasis is a rare occurrence.

Case Description

A 65-year-old female with history of kidney transplant in 2009 presented with painful hand swelling.
In 2019 a chest xray showed 4.4cm left lung mass with transbronchial biopsy demonstrating non-squamous cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), PD L1+, treated with radiation therapy. A surveillance CT scan showed a new mass in left upper lobe 3.3 x 2.9 cm with positive avidity on PET scan. Lung biopsy 08/19/2020 showed NSCLC reoccurrence, treated with radiation. A PET scan on 04/15/2021 showed a new lung mass and FDG avidity in transverse colon, however a lung biopsy was negative for malignancy on 03/09/2022.
Surveillance imaging for cancer remained negative until the patient presented with right arm pain. AV fistula ligation performed on 11/18/2022. Tissue pathology revealed positive staining for CK7 and TTF-1 consistent with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. PET scan 12/2022 demonstrated a new left lung mass with mediastinum lymph nodes along with known metastasis in right AVF.

Discussion

Tacrolimus binds to FK506 binding protein-12 which causes calcineurin inhibition. Calcineurin dephosphorylates NFAT (nuclear factory of activated T cells) which oversees IL-2 production amongst other cytokines. When this downstream pathway is inhibited, T cell activation is disrupted, which is advantageous for immune suppression but can cause failure of immune checkpoint systems to detect cancerous cells [3].
Circulating tumor cells that escape immune surveillance can lodge in areas of low blood flow[1]. In this case, factors including aneurysm and thrombus formation may have contributed to metastasis seeding. This case emphasizes the need to consider metastasis in patients with a cancer history with new or enlarging vascular masses.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)