ASN's Mission

To create a world without kidney diseases, the ASN Alliance for Kidney Health elevates care by educating and informing, driving breakthroughs and innovation, and advocating for policies that create transformative changes in kidney medicine throughout the world.

learn more

Contact ASN

1401 H St, NW, Ste 900, Washington, DC 20005

email@asn-online.org

202-640-4660

The Latest on X

Kidney Week

Abstract: FR-PO0550

Evaluation of Levocarnitine Use in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

Session Information

Category: Dialysis

  • 802 Dialysis: Home Dialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

Authors

  • Mahmud, Sanaa, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Aquilina, Andrea, The Hospital for Sick Children Division of Nephrology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Licht, Christoph, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Bruno, Valentina, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Tjon, James Anthony, The Hospital for Sick Children Division of Nephrology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Background

Patients with ESRD undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) experience significant L-carnitine loss, altering acyl/free carnitine ratio (AFCR). Secondary carnitine deficiency manifests in clinical complications such as EPO-resistant anemia, intradialytic hypotension, cardiomyopathy, and skeletal muscle weakness. The efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation in reversing deficiency remains unclear and few studies have evaluated its use in PD, limiting evidence-based recommendations. This quality improvement study investigated L-carnitine supplementation in the pediatric PD population.

Methods

Retrospective chart review (2018–2024) was completed for 20 PD patients (2–17 years) receiving intraperitoneal L-carnitine in varying monthly doses (500 mg, 750 mg, or 1000 mg). Patients were evaluated pre-treatment, monthly during treatment, and post-treatment at their final visit. Carnitine deficiency was defined as AFCR>0.4. The primary outcome was correction of AFCR, classified as ‘improvement’ and measured by a lower post-treatment AFCR compared to pre-treatment. Secondary outcomes included anemia presence measured by hemoglobin levels and erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA) doses. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, t-tests, and Chi-Squared tests.

Results

9/20 patients (45%) showed improvement, 10/20 (50%) worsened as seen by increased AFCR, and 1 (5%) showed no change (p=0.8). Mean duration of treatment was 13.7±7.7 months and was significantly associated with improvement (p<0.001). Improved patients received similar mean L-carnitine (28.8 vs 20.7mg/kg) and ESA doses to worsened patients (p=0.2, p=0.8, p=0.4). An association between L-carnitine dose and post-AFCR was seen (p<0.001), as well as a significant decrease between pre- and post-AFCR in improved patients (p=0.003). Age was associated with L-carnitine dose and improvement, whereby patients ages <=10 years received higher weight-adjusted doses than patients ages 11-17 (p=0.09). Treatment duration was strongly associated with hemoglobin levels in all patients (p<0.001).

Conclusion

L-carnitine supplementation in higher doses and for longer duration was associated with improvement in 45% of patients, as evidenced by lower post-treatment AFCRs. Further research and larger sample size are required to determine whether correction of AFCR is beneficial against associated complications.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)