Abstract: FR-PO1088
Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Immune Response: Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines
Session Information
- Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
November 07, 2025 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
- 1500 Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
Authors
- Vidoretti, Maria Estela, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Sogaiar, Raquel Dominoni, Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Fernandes, João Roberto Resende, Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Salles Brito, Luiz David, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Favaro, Leandro, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Quinto, Beata M r, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Torricelli, Simone Matsuda, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Carneiro, Glaucia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Lins, Paulo Ricardo Gessolo, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Batista, Marcelo Costa, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Background
Obesity is a multifactorial condition associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state that plays a central role in the onset and progression of several comorbidities, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal diseases. Adipose tissue, once considered solely an energy reservoir, is now recognized as an endocrine and immunologically active organ. Adipocyte hypertrophy leads to local ischemia, promoting infiltration by pro-inflammatory immune cells and increased secretion of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, thus perpetuating systemic inflammation. Bariatric surgery has been shown to modulate the immunometabolic profile by reducing systemic inflammation through decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restoring immune cell balance.
Methods
We conducted a prospective, open-label, real-world clinical study to evaluate the immunological profile of patients with obesity. A total of 51 individuals aged 30 to 75 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2 were included and allocated into two groups: an intervention group (n=25) undergoing bariatric surgery, and a control group (n=26) receiving conservative treatment based on lifestyle modification. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-1β) were measured at baseline (D0) and 180 days (D180) post-randomization and/or surgery. The intervention group included 25 patients (24F/1M; mean age: 45.8 years), and the control group included 25 patients (20F/6M; mean age: 43.96 years).
Results
At day 180, a significant difference in mean IL-6 levels was observed between the intervention and control groups (2.12 ± 1.36 vs. 3.67 ± 1.72, respectively). No significant differences were found in mean serum levels of IL-10 (4.34 ± 2.64 vs. 4.29 ± 3.25), TNF-α (3.18 ± 2.25 vs. 5.28 ± 5.20), or IL-1β (2.46 ± 2.73 vs. 4.56 ± 3.34) between the groups during the same period.
Conclusion
After 180 days, patients who underwent bariatric surgery exhibited a significant reduction in systemic inflammatory activity, as indicated by decreased IL-6 levels. This selective modulation of the inflammatory profile occurred without corresponding changes in other cytokines, suggesting a targeted immunometabolic response within the analyzed timeframe.
Funding
- Government Support – Non-U.S.