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Abstract: SA-OR088

Safety and Efficacy of Anti-CD19/B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer Cell (CAR-NK) Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Preliminary Clinical Study

Session Information

Category: Pediatric Nephrology

  • 1900 Pediatric Nephrology

Authors

  • Meng, Hanyan, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Zheng, Chen, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Xie, Yi, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Li, Qiu-yu, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Liu, Fei, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Wang, Jingjing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • Sun, Ming, Ruitherapeutics Co., LTD, Shen Zhen, China
  • Xu, Enshun, Ruitherapeutics Co., LTD, Shen Zhen, China
  • Mao, Jianhua, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Background

Pediatric SLE exhibits greater severity and organ involvement than adult-onset disease, with frequent treatment failure. While CD19 CAR-T therapy shows efficacy in refractory cases, its use is limited by toxicity risks. CAR-NK cells offer a safer alternative with reduced risks and off-the-shelf potential, improving feasibility for pediatric application.

Methods

This phase I trial utilized a dose-escalation design to evaluate the safety and efficacy of KN5601, an anti-CD19/BCMA CAR-NK cell product, in patients with active SLE (SLEDAI-2K >6) refractory to standard therapy. Following lymphodepletion with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, patients received six infusions of KN5601 at weight-tiered doses. Primary endpoints included the incidence of DLTs and adverse events; key efficacy outcomes comprised SRI-4 response, LLDAS, and DORIS remission rates at 6 months.

Results

As of August 2025, 11 patients completed treatment and 6 reached 3-month follow-up. Three achieved SRI-4 response at 3 months; The longest follow-up was 6M; this patient attained SRI-4 at 3M, LLDAS at 4M, and DORIS remission at 6M. CRS was observed in 4 patients (3 grade I, 1 grade II), with no ICANS or rejection. B-cell reconstitution occurred by 2 months, dominated by naïve B cells.

Conclusion

In patients with refractory pediatric SLE, treatment with anti-CD19/BCMA CAR-NK cells (KN5601) appears feasible, safe, and clinically active. These preliminary findings warrant further clinical validation.

Disease characteristics and safety outcomes.
IDAgeGenderDuration of
Disease (Years)
Kidney
biopsy
DoseCRSFollow
up period(M)
SLEDAI-
2K
Baseline
SLEDAI-
2K at
present
00113F2/1*10^9/6140
00213F2III+V2*10^9/6142
00417F6III+V3*10^9/4108
00515M6IV+V3*10^9I41410
00617M7III+III-V4.5*10^9/3148
00715F5II4.5*10^9II3100
00814F4III3*10^9I284
00915F8IV3*10^9I11810
01013M3/4.5*10^9/1104
01113F0.67IV+V3*10^9/186
01212F3/4.5*10^9/1106

Funding

  • Commercial Support – Ruitherapeutics Co., Ltd.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)