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Abstract: TH-PO1215

Short-Term Effects of an SGLT2 Inhibitor on Divalent Ions in Patients with ADPKD: The SIDIA Trial

Session Information

Category: Genetic Diseases of the Kidneys

  • 1201 Genetic Diseases of the Kidneys: Monogenic Kidney Diseases

Authors

  • Roth, Lorena, City Hospital Zurich Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Harmacek, Dusan, UniversitatsSpital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Schachtner, Thomas, UniversitatsSpital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • George, Britta, UniversitatsSpital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Hofmann, Cornelia, Zurcher Fachhochschule, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Georgalis, Argyrios D., Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Chur, Switzerland
  • Venzin, Reto Martin, Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Chur, Switzerland
  • Hofmann, Patrick, Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Chur, Switzerland
  • Fehr, Thomas, Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Chur, Switzerland
Background

SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a cornerstone of CKD therapy, lowering progression, CV events, and mortality. ADPKD patients were excluded from major trials, and data on electrolyte handling with SGLT2i, especially with tolvaptan, are lacking.

Methods

SIDIA was a mechanistic, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial in 15 ADPKD patients (mean eGFR 68, age 43). They received empagliflozin 10 mg or placebo for 14 days with washout. Primary endpoints were 24-h urinary phosphate, calcium, magnesium; secondary endpoints included other electrolytes, inflammation, vitamin D metabolism, tolerability, and safety. Treatment effects were analyzed with a generalized linear mixed model.

Results

No significant differences were seen in 24-h urinary phosphate, calcium, or magnesium with empagliflozin vs. placebo (26 vs. 22.9 mmol/d, p=0.21; 4.0 vs. 2.3, p=0.56; 4.6 vs. 4.3, p=0.18). Empagliflozin lowered uric acid (–26%), increased serum magnesium (+5.7%) and urinary citrate (+79%), and reduced BP (–4/–7 mmHg). A small, expected dip in eGFR (–7.1%) was noted; urine volume 4.6 vs. 3.8 L, with no safety signals.

Conclusion

In ADPKD patients with and without tolvaptan, short-term empagliflozin was safe, showing no significant effects on urinary calcium, phosphate, or magnesium. Increased serum magnesium, along with higher urinary citrate and lower uric acid, may provide long-term benefits by slowing disease progression and reducing stone and gout risk.

Baseline characteristics
CharacteristicsParticipants, N= 15
Age, years43 (6, 51.5)
Sex, men (%)8 (53)
Body mass index kg/m226.3 (6.9)
eGFR, ml/min per 1.73m2 body surface area68.0 (20.2)
Tolvaptan, n (%)7 (47)
Hypertension10 (67)

atient characteristics: categorical as n (%); continuous as mean (SD) or median (IQR)

Forest plot of empagliflozin vs. placebo on primary outcomes. Medians (IQR) and treatment effects from a GLMM crossover are shown with 95% CIs. Analyses used two-sided tests (α=0.05). GLMM, generalized linear mixed model.

Funding

  • Commercial Support – Boehringer Ingelheim, Vontobel Foundation

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)