Abstract: TH-PO627
An Oral Absorbent, Surface-Deacetylated Chitin Nano-Fiber Ameliorates Renal Injury and Oxidative Stress in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats
Session Information
- Nutrition and Metabolism: Basic
October 25, 2018 | Location: Exhibit Hall, San Diego Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)
- 1902 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Clinical, Outcomes, and Trials
Authors
- Anraku, Makoto, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, N/A = Not Applicable, Japan
- Kadowaki, Daisuke, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, N/A = Not Applicable, Japan
- Iohara, Daisuke, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, N/A = Not Applicable, Japan
- Maruyama, Toru, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Background
We recently prepared surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDACNFs) by the mechanical treatment of the exoskeletons of crabs, followed by partial deacetylation of the amide groups on the surface of the resulting chitin nanofibers. SDACNFs have attracted considerable interest in medical fields, because of their various bioactivities. For example, SDACNFs were reported to suppress increases in body weight and serum leptin levels in a model of obesity that was induced by feeding a high fat diet. These results indicate that SDACNFs are work as potent functional foods that could be used in the treatment of various diseases.
Methods
The rats were divided into four groups as follows: (a) untreated nephrectomized group (N=5). The rats received only standard rat chow. (b), (c), and (d) deacetylated chitin powder (DAC), SDACNFs and AST-120 treated nephrectomized group, respectively. These rats received standard rat chow and the above samples at a daily dosage of 40 mg/kg of body wt for a period of 4 weeks, respectively (n=5). After 0 and 4 weeks of treatment, plasma samples obtained from each of the rats were immediately frozen and stored at -80 °C until used for analysis.
Results
An oral administration of low doses of SDACNFs (40 mg/kg/day) over a 4 week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulfate (IS), creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with a similar treatment with DAC or AST-120. The SDACNFs treatment also resulted in an increase in antioxidant potential, compared with that for DAC or AST-120. Immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated that SDACNFs treated CRF rats showed a decrease in the amount of accumulated 8-OHdG compared with the CRF group.
Conclusion
The findings reported here indicate that a lower dose of SDACNFs than that of DAC has the potential to reduce the levels of uremic toxins (such as IS) that induce the production of free radicals in the intestinal tract, thereby inhibiting the subsequent occurrence of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation in CRF model rats. Thus, the removal of such substances from the systemic circulation could lead, not only to a reduction in oxidative stress, but also to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in CRF (Anraku et al., Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017).