ASN's Mission

To create a world without kidney diseases, the ASN Alliance for Kidney Health elevates care by educating and informing, driving breakthroughs and innovation, and advocating for policies that create transformative changes in kidney medicine throughout the world.

learn more

Contact ASN

1401 H St, NW, Ste 900, Washington, DC 20005

email@asn-online.org

202-640-4660

The Latest on X

Kidney Week

Please note that you are viewing an archived section from 2022 and some content may be unavailable. To unlock all content for 2022, please visit the archives.

Abstract: TH-PO598

Gender Disparity on the Association Between Dietary Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure: Analysis of the NHANES 2017-2018

Session Information

Category: Hypertension and CVD

  • 1501 Hypertension and CVD: Epidemiology‚ Risk Factors‚ and Prevention

Authors

  • Tantisattamo, Ekamol, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, California, United States
  • Wattanachayakul, Phuuwadith, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Pangkanon, Watsachon, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Lopimpisuth, Chawin, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Lalitnithi, Pakin, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Thimphitthaya, Chanattha, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Wannaphut, Chalothorn, Department of Medicine, Siriraj Piyamaharajkarun Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Chaisrimaneepan, Nattanicha, Institute of Dermatology, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
Background

Women have greater blood pressure (BP) lowering response to low dietary sodium intake (DSI). Whether this gender disparity between DSI and BP remains unclear.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using data from the NHANES from 2017 to 2018 included participants ≥18 years old. Association between DSI and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was examined by multiple linear regression.

Results

Of 9,254 participants, mean±SD age was 34±26 and 51% were female. Up to 34% was White followed by Black and Mexican American. Body mass index was 25.8 kg/m2 (IQR 20.4, 31.3). Median DSI was 2,816 mg/day (IQR 1920, 4028) and SBP was 117 mmHg (IQR 106, 131). Every 1,000 mg increase in DSI was associated with increase in 0.99 mmHg SBP (β 0.000099, P 0.480, 95%CI -0.000176, 0.000373). After stratifying by gender, higher DSI of 1,000 mg/day was associated with significantly decreased SBP of 1 mmHg in women; while SBP was 0.16 mmHg increase but non-significant in men (βwomen -0.001007, P <0.0001, 95%CI -0.001516, -0.000497 and βmen 0.000161, P 0.326, 95%CI -0.000160, 0.000481). After adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, and interaction term between gender and DSI, SBP was 0.036 mmHg increase for every 1,000 mg higher DSI (β 0.000364, P 0.012, 95%CI 0.000080, 0.000649). With the same amount of DSI, SBP was 0.78 mmHg lower in women compared to men for every 1,000 mg incremental DSI (βinteraction -0.000779, P 0.002, 95%CI -0.001261, -0.000297;Figure 1A-D).

Conclusion

Higher DSI is inversely associated with SBP levels in women, but not in men. This disparity and paradoxical relationship may explain better BP response to low dietary sodium intervention in women compared to men, although longitudinal studies are required to elucidate the mechanism.