Kidney Week

Abstract: FR-PO1109

Niche over Modality: Compartmentalized Oral-Gut Microbiome Signatures in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Unveil Distinct Ecological and Pathobiont Landscapes

Session Information

• Home Dialysis: Modalities, Barriers, Utilization, and Clinical Outcomes
  October 23, 2026 | Location: Exhibit Hall A, Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: Dialysis

• 802 Dialysis: Home Dialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

Authors

• Puririsinth, Sirirat, Dental Division, Health Department, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand

Sirirat Puririsinth

• Kanjanabuch, Panarin, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Panarin Kanjanabuch

• Visedthorn, Suthida, Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Suthida Visedthorn, MSc

• Saejew, Thunvarat, Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Thunvarat Saejew

• Pavatung, Preeyarat, Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Preeyarat Pavatung

• Payungporn, Sunchai, Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Sunchai Payungporn

• Kanjanabuch, Talerngsak, Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Talerngsak Kanjanabuch, MD

Background

Kidney failure reshapes host-associated microbial ecosystems, yet the extent to which dialysis modality imprints distinct oral and intestinal microbial signatures remains incompletely resolved. We therefore compared fecal and salivary microbiomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods

In this pilot cross-sectional study, 16 biospecimens were collected from four HD and four PD patients and profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The analyses presented here focus on fecal and salivary communities. Alpha diversity was assessed using the Chao1 and Shannon indices, beta diversity by PERMANOVA, and taxonomic structure from phylum to species-assigned reads.

Results

Microbial architecture was strongly niche-dependent. Fecal communities were richer than salivary communities (Chao1, p = 0.049), whereas Shannon diversity showed a site-level trend (p = 0.07). When samples were stratified by dialysis modality and body site, alpha diversity differed significantly (Chao1, p = 0.02; Shannon, p = 0.03), with hemodialysis saliva exhibiting the lowest diversity and peritoneal dialysis feces the greatest richness. Beta diversity demonstrated clear segregation by body site and by dialysis-site subgroup (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001; R² = 0.215 and 0.397, respectively). Across samples, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes predominated. Species-assigned reads suggested fecal prominence of enteric taxa, including Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli, and salivary prominence of oral and opportunistic taxa, including Neisseria flavescens, Veillonella parvula, and Pseudomonas-assigned reads, with marked inter-individual heterogeneity.

Conclusion

In dialysis patients, microbiome structure appears to be governed first by ecological niche and second by dialysis modality. Paired oral-gut profiling may therefore provide a useful framework for tracking mucosal dysbiosis in end-stage renal disease and for generating testable hypotheses regarding infection vulnerability and systemic inflammatory burden.

Funding

• Private Foundation Support