Abstract: SA-PO0815
Clinical Phenotypes and Histopathological Diversity of Lupus Nephritis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Tertiary Center in Northeast India
Session Information
- Glomerular Diseases: Management, Evolving Strategies, and Practice-Changing Advances
October 24, 2026 | Location: Exhibit Hall A, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Glomerular Diseases
- 1402 Glomerular Diseases: Clinical, Outcomes, and Therapeutics
Authors
- Goswami, Himanish, Apollo Hospitals Guwahati, Guwahati, AS, India
- Bora, Mitul, Apollo Hospitals Guwahati, Guwahati, AS, India
- Das, Tonmoy, Apollo Hospitals Guwahati, Guwahati, AS, India
- Choudhury, Dhruvajyoti, Apollo Hospitals Guwahati, Guwahati, AS, India
- Medhi, Pranab Kumar, Apollo Hospitals Guwahati, Guwahati, AS, India
Background
Kidney involvement in SLE is a common and potentially life-threatening manifestation. While research is widely available globally, there is a notable paucity of publications addressing the spectrum of lupus nephritis from Northeast India. This study aimed to evaluate the demography, clinical profile, serological findings, and histopathology of newly diagnosed SLE patients presenting with LN in this distinct region.
Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted over a one-year period at a tertiary care centre in Northeast India. Detailed clinical histories, physical examinations, and serological profiles were recorded. All patients underwent USG-guided percutaneous renal biopsies, and the histopathological findings were evaluated and graded using the ISN/RPS 2018 classification system.
Results
The study enrolled 58 newly diagnosed SLE patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for lupus nephritis. The mean age was 28.53 ± 7.29 years, with 77.58% between 21 and 40 years. Females were 93.10%, with a female-to-male ratio 27:2. The ethnic and religious distribution reflected regional diversity - Hindus (37.90%), Christians (36.20%), Muslims (19.00%), and Buddhists (6.90%). Initial presenting symptoms were low-grade fever (48.27%), myalgia (46.55%), edema (43.10%), and rash (41.40%). Serologically, 100% of patients were ANA positive, and 94.82% positive for anti-dsDNA. C3 and C4 levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with proliferative and membranous diseases (p < 0.01).
Histopathologically, proliferative lesions were observed in 77.60% of cases. Class IV LN was the most prevalent (31.03%), followed by mixed Class IV+V (20.70%), Class III (18.97%), Class V (13.79%), Class III+V (6.90%), Class II (5.17%), and 1.72% each for Class I and Class VI. An activity index of 6 or more was significantly associated with proliferative and membranous cases (p < 0.01), whereas the mean chronicity index remained comparable across all groups (p = 0.1).
Conclusion
Lupus nephritis predominantly affects young females in their reproductive years. At the time of initial diagnosis, patients frequently present with aggressive, active proliferative histopathological lesions, suggesting a critical window for intervention, emphasizing the necessity for early diagnostic renal biopsies and tailored therapeutic approaches in this specific demographic.