Abstract: TH-PO0706
Trends in AKI Among Patients Hospitalized for Drug Poisoning, 2016-2025
Session Information
- AKI: Prevention, Diagnostics, and Management
October 22, 2026 | Location: Exhibit Hall A, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Acute Kidney Injury
- 101 AKI: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Authors
- Han, Sola, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Xu, Fang, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Xie, Hui, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Pavkov, Meda E., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Background
Drug poisoning represents a potentially preventable source of morbidity. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication of drug poisoning, yet the burden of AKI associated with different medication classes in real-world hospitalizations remains poorly characterized.
Methods
We analyzed inpatient discharge data from the Premier Healthcare Database, January 2016–December 2025. Drug poisoning–related hospitalizations (abbreviated as hospitalizations) were defined by ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes flagged as present on admission. Drug classes listed in the AKI guidelines were identified from these codes where possible and grouped into categories reflecting predominant mechanisms of AKI: hemodynamic agents, direct/immune-mediated nephrotoxic agents, and myotoxic/vasoactive agents. AKI was defined by any related diagnosis codes from discharge records. Weights were applied to generate national estimates. AKI proportions were age-standardized to the 2000 U.S. standard population. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate annual percent changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Among 1,331,143 drug poisoning hospitalizations (0.4% of all hospitalizations), 432,737 (32.5%) were associated with AKI. By drug category, AKI prevalence was 21.6% for hemodynamic agents, 28.9% for direct/immune-mediated agents, and 33.9% of myotoxic/vasoactive agents. The overall age-standardized proportion of AKI increased from 2016 to 2022 (APC, 4.66%; 95% CI, 3.37 to 6.20), then decreased from 2022 to 2025 (APC, -5.65%; 95% CI, -10.27 to -2.54). An increasing trend was observed for direct/immune-mediated agents (APC, 3.26%; 95% CI, 1.30 to 5.12), and heterogenous trends for other drug classes.
Conclusion
Although hospitalizations for drug poisoning are low, they are associated with high prevalence of AKI, which was present in approximately one-third of these hospitalizations. The burden varied by drug class, with a sustained increase in proportions of AKI observed among hospitalizations with direct/immune-mediated nephrotoxic-associated agents. As drug-related AKI is potentially preventable, these findings underscore that there may be a need for clinical awareness.
Acknowledgment
The findings and conclusions in this abstract are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.