Abstract: SA-PO0292
Evolving Burden of Pneumonia in AKI Mortality: A 26-Year Nationwide Analysis in Older Adults
Session Information
- AKI: Epidemiology and Risk Factors
October 24, 2026 | Location: Exhibit Hall A, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Acute Kidney Injury
- 101 AKI: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Authors
- Yogita, Fnu, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, HR, India
- Ul Abideen, Zain, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
- Saleem, Amna, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
- Aqeel, Ayesha, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Nazir, Afifa, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Kiwan, Mezhgan, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, N.W.F.P, Pakistan
- Javaid, Muhammad Hassaan, Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan
- Bilal, Rabia, Nowshera Medical College, Nowshera, N.W.F.P, Pakistan
Background
Pneumonia and AKI are conditions that form an important comorbidity pair from a clinical perspective in elderly patients. We analyzed 26-year trends in mortality from pneumonia as an underlying cause of death with AKI as a contributory cause in older adults.
Methods
The data for mortality statistics based on death certificates (1999-2024) were collected from CDC WONDER. The term "pneumonia" included all cases where the cause of death was ICD-10 codes J12-J18, including viral, bacterial, and unspecified pneumonia, whereas AKI (ICD-10 code N17) was considered as one of the associated causes of death. Age adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 were determined by gender, race/ethnicity, census regions, and urbanization. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to calculate annual percent change (APC) and average APCs with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
There is an increase in the AAMR from 2.67 (1999) to 4.30 (2024) at the AAPC of +1.95 (95% CI: 1.34–2.84). The joinpoint analysis found four changes in trend with the fast-growing trend from 1999 to 2003 (APC +9.32), plateau trend from 2003 to 2012 (APC +2.11), declining trend from 2012 to 2019 (APC −6.54), sharp increase from 2019 to 2022 (APC +15.05), and attenuation from 2022 to 2024 (APC−1.44). The female population has shown a relatively higher AAMR than the male population (AAPC: +2.17 vs. +1.20). There was an excessive burden among the non-Hispanic population (AAPC: +1.86) rather than the Hispanic populations (AAPC = −0.43; not significant). The rates for whites increased significantly (AAPC = +2.02), but there was no significant trend among blacks/African Americans (AAPC = +0.50). Region-wise, the largest increase occurred in the West (AAPC = +3.04), followed by the Northeast and Midwest regions (both AAPC ≈ +2.05).The non-core/rural communities indicated non-significant trends while large fringe metropolitan communities had slight decline (AAPC: −0.97).
Conclusion
Statistically significant sex, race, ethnicity, and geography-based differences highlight the importance of preventive measures and timely identification of AKI during pneumonia admissions. APC/AAPC statistically significant at α = 0.05.