Kidney Week

Abstract: SA-PO1041

Dietary Pattern Modifies the Association of APOL1 Variants with CKD: The Jackson Heart Study

Session Information

• Diet and Nutrition: Clinical
  October 27, 2018 | Location: Exhibit Hall, San Diego Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)

• 1901 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Authors

• Mwasongwe, Stanford, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, Mississippi, United States

Stanford Mwasongwe,

• Young, Bessie A., Uniiversity of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States

Bessie A. Young,

• Scialla, Julia J., Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States

Julia J. Scialla,

• Davenport, Clemontina A., Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States

Clemontina A. Davenport,

• Correa, Adolfo, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States

Adolfo Correa,

• Musani, Solomon K., University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States

Solomon K. Musani,

Background

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) variants are associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), however, not everyone with high risk APOL1 genotypes develops overt kidney disease. We evaluated the modifying effects of dietary pattern on the association between APOL1 risk variants and prevalent CKD among African Americans (AAs).

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2,841 AAs from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) with genotyped APOL1 variant data. Three dietary patterns, designated “southern”, “fast food” and “prudent” were derived from a validated regional specific food frequency questionnaire (Deep South) using factor analysis. The factor scores for each pattern were divided into tertiles labelled low, moderate and high levels, respectively. CKD was defined at baseline as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m². First, we assessed the association between APOL1 Variants and prevalent CKD using multivariate logistic regression model, controlling for demographic, clinical factors to and population stratification. We then added diet and APOL1 x diet interaction terms to assses the effect modification of each diet pattern.

Results

The mean (± standard deviation) age of included participants was 55±13 years, 62% were female, 5.5 % had CKD. Of the total participants studied, 13% had two APOL1 risk variants. We observed that the models accounting for APOL1× diet interactions fitted the data significantly (P<0.001) better than the main effects model. In multivariable adjusted main effects model, two APOL1 risk variants were significantly associated (Odds Ratios, OR [95% confidence Interval, CI]; p-value) with prevalent CKD 1.87 (1.16-2.96); p=0.0102. In individuals consuming high levels of fast food diet, 2 APOL1 risk variants were significantly associated (OR, 95% CI) with greater odds, 3.66 (1.43, 9.39), p=0.007 of prevalent CKD compared to low and moderate levels of fast food diet (Figure 1). Similarly, in individuals consuming high levels of southern diet, the OR were 2.92 (1.16, 2.96); p=0.02.

Conclusion

In a large community-based study of AAs, all dietary patterns studied modified the association between APOL1 two-risk alleles and increased CKD prevalence.

Funding

• Other NIH Support