Kidney Week

Abstract: PO2578

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Acute and Refractory Antibody-Mediated Rejection

Session Information

• Transplant Complications: Glomerular Disease and Genetics
  October 22, 2020 | Location: On-Demand
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: Transplantation

• 1902 Transplantation: Clinical

Authors

• Hart, Allyson, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneaplis, Minnesota, United States

Allyson Hart,

• Schladt, David P., Chronic Disease Research Group, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

David P. Schladt,

• Itzler, Robbin F., CSL Behring, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States

Robbin F. Itzler,

• Israni, Ajay K., Hennepin Healthcare, Minneaplis, Minnesota, United States

Ajay K. Israni,

• Kasiske, Bertram L., Chronic Disease Research Group, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Bertram L. Kasiske,

Background

Major gaps remain in our understanding of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) after kidney transplantation. We examined incidence, risk factors, response to treatment, and effects on outcomes of locally-managed AMR at 7 transplant programs in the Long-Term Deterioration of Kidney Allograft Function (DeKAF) prospective study cohort.

Methods

Consecutive kidney or kidney-pancreas transplant recipients were enrolled in the DeKAF study from October 2005 through April 15, 2011. To determine the effect of AMR on death censored graft failure (DCGF), we performed Cox proportional hazards analyses including AMR as a time-dependent covariate.

Results

Among 3131 kidney and kidney-pancreas recipients, there were 194 with a first AMR episode during a mean 4.85±1.86 years of follow-up for the entire cohort. Mean time to first AMR was 0.97 ±1.17 years post-transplant. After adjusting for other risk factors, patients with AMR had 10 times the risk of DCGF compared to patients with no AMR (aHR 10.1, 95% CI 6.5-15.7). Among the 50 (25.8%) patients whose AMR was refractory to treatment, defined as 2^nd AMR diagnosis within 100 days or no improvement in eGFR by 42 days, the HR for DCGF was 7.5 (2.2-25.6, P=0.0013) in the first 180 days post biopsy; 3.8 (1.4-9.8, P=0.007) in the 1^st year post biopsy, and 1.6 (0.9-3.0, P=0.11) at any time during follow-up compared to patients whose AMR responded to treatment.

Conclusion

Patients with AMR had substantially greater risk of DCGF compared to patients without AMR. While patients with refractory AMR were more likely to lose their graft compared to non-refractory cases in the first year following the AMR diagnosis, the likelihood of graft survival after that year was the same regardless of response to treatment.

Time to death-censored graft failures among recipients with refractory antibody-mediated rejection (N=50) and non-refractory antibody-mediated rejection (N=144)

Funding

• Commercial Support –