Abstract: PO0328
Magnesium's Roles in the Treatment of Hyperphosphatemia of CKD
Session Information
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism: Basic
October 22, 2020 | Location: On-Demand
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Bone and Mineral Metabolism
- 401 Bone and Mineral Metabolism: Basic
Author
- Nelson, Deanna J., BioLink Life Sciences, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, United States
Background
Hyperphosphatemia is causally related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, the most important cause of death in all stages of renal failure and the single greatest threat to survival among ESRD patients undergoing dialysis. To meet the current K/DOQI guideline, patients use cationic binders to bind phosphate (Pi) in the gastrointestinal tract and prevent its uptake. FDA-approved phosphate binders include calcium salts, lanthanum salts, sevelamer, and ferric citrate. Combinations of calcium and magnesium salts have the potential both for phosphate binding with reduced calcium load and for reduction in oxidative stress, vascular calcification, and bone dysfunction.
Methods
Recent literature describing treatment of hyperphosphatemia with phosphate binders composed of calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate and calcium citrate/magnesium carbonate was analyzed. The results highlight aspects of magnesium’s roles in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia of Stage 4-5 CKD and illustrate the potential benefits of these combination therapies in treatment of hyperphosphatemia.
Results
Recent clinical data strongly suggest that combinations of calcium and magnesium salts exhibit pleiotropic benefits for hyperphosphatemic Stage 4-5 CKD patients. In addition to reducing the calcium load, magnesium appears to act in the following ways. (1) Treatment lowered serum phosphorus into the K/DOQI target range in about 24 weeks. (2) Although treatment increased serum magnesium concentrations, [Mg2+] was in the high normal range and comparable to the intracellular magnesium concentration. (3) Short-term treatment raised the T50 value. Since lower values are associated with accelerated conversion of soluble calciprotein particles composed of amorphous calcium phosphate to secondary (insoluble) calciprotein particles containing needle-like calcium phosphate particles, higher magnesium appeared to beneficially slow the rate of conversion. (4) Analyses of bone turnover parameters suggested that higher magnesium may have supported more normal bone remodeling.
Conclusion
Clinical data from several sources suggest that combinations of calcium and magnesium have unique potential for providing pleiotropic benefits to Stage 4-5 CKD patients of all ages. Additional preclinical studies are underway to confirm that calcium magnesium citrates and propionates can be effectively and safely administered to hyperphosphatemic ESRD patients.
Funding
- Commercial Support –