Abstract: PO0037
RAAS Inhibition and Risk of AKI in COVID-19
Session Information
- COVID-19: AKI and Basic Science
November 04, 2021 | Location: On-Demand, Virtual Only
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Coronavirus (COVID-19)
- 000 Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors
- Birkelo, Bethany, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Perkins, Amy, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Greevy, Robert, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Parr, Sharidan, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Hung, Adriana, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Arroyo Ornelas, Juan Pablo, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Matheny, Michael Edwin, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Siew, Edward D., Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Background
Direct viral invasion of the kidney via ACE2 has been hypothesized as a mechanism of AKI in COVID-19 (COVID). The impact of RAASi on the risk of AKI in COVID is not known. We hypothesized that active use of RAASi preceding admission would be associated with a greater proportional risk of AKI in COVID than influenza (flu).
Methods
In this retrospective cohort, we compared the AKI incidence by RAASi status in 11,898 hospitalized Veterans with COVID or flu between Oct 1, 2019 and Sept 30, 2020. To control for confounding, propensity score weighting balanced baseline conditions, labs, and co-therapies in 4 exposure groups: RAASi users with COVID, non-users with COVID, RAASi users with flu, and non-users with flu. Weighted logistic regression estimated the main effects of RAASi and COVID, and their interaction.
Results
In flu, 7% of RAASi users had a stage 2-3 AKI vs 5% of non-users, a 2% increase (p=0.03). In COVID, 16% of RAASi users had a stage 2-3 AKI vs 12% of non-users, a 4% increase. While the absolute increase in AKI incidence for RAASi users vs non-users was greater in COVID patients vs flu, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.66) and the RAASi association was proportionally smaller in COVID (see interaction in Table). Similar absolute differences were observed in stage 1-3 AKI (Table), and the interaction was also not statistically significant (p=0.66).
Conclusion
COVID was associated with a greater incidence of AKI than flu. RAASi was associated with an increased incidence of Stage 2-3 AKI in patients with COVID or flu. The proportional effect of RAASi was similar in COVID and flu patients. These findings do not support a disproportionate risk of AKI among RAASi users with COVID.
AKI Incidence Rates and Odds Ratios in COVID and Flu by RAASi Status
| Stage 1-3 AKI | Stage 2-3 AKI | |
| IR: No RAASi | Flu | 25% | 5% |
| IR: RAASi | Flu | 28% | 7% |
| IR: No RAASi | COVID | 31% | 12% |
| IR: RAASi | COVID | 35% | 16% |
| OR: COVID vs Flu | No RAASi | 1.33 (1.12-1.58) | 2.72 (1.89-3.92) |
| OR: RAASi vs No RAASi | Flu | 1.16 (0.95-1.42) | 1.60 (1.04-2.46) |
| OR: COVID by RAASi Interaction | 1.06 (0.83 - 1.35) | 0.90 (0.56-1.45) |
IR: Incidence Rate, OR: Odds Ratio. Rates and Stage 1-3 ORs are based on the entire weighted cohort. Stage 2-3 ORs are in the subset of Stage 2-3 and no AKI patients.
Funding
- Veterans Affairs Support