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Abstract: PO2256

Associations of Urinary and Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratios with Albuminuria in Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Session Information

Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)

  • 2101 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Authors

  • Kabasawa, Keiko, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
  • Matsushita, Kunihiro, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
  • Takachi, Ribeka, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
  • Nakamura, Kazutoshi, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
  • Ito, Yumi, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
  • Tanaka, Junta, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
  • Narita, Ichiei, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
Background

Urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio is an indicator of dietary sodium intake and is associated with reduced kidney function. However, it is not known whether urinary Na/K ratio is also associated with albuminuria, the other key component of CKD, in community-dwelling adults.

Methods

We quantified the association of urinary Na/K ratio with albuminuria in 6,276 Japanese adults (age 40-97 years; 51.0% women) by using spot urine samples. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed with adjustment for potential confounders. We also evaluated dietary Na/K ratio based on a food-frequency questionnaire.

Results

Median values of urinary and dietary Na/K ratios were 2.70 (interquartile interval: 1.87, 3.83) and 1.50 (1.20, 1.84), respectively, with median albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 11.0 (6.0, 24.0) mg/g and mean eGFR of 74.7 (SD 15.7) mL/min/1.73 m2. In multivariable linear regression analysis, urinary Na/K ratio (per one-unit increment) was significantly associated with log-ACR (e.g., β 0.023 [95% CI 0.008, 0.039] in Model 3) (Table). Similarly, dietary Na/K ratio was independently associated with ACR (Table). The results were consistent with those of multivariable logistic regression analysis with elevated ACR ≥30 mg/g as a dependent variable.

Conclusion

Both urinary and dietary Na/K ratios were associated with elevated albuminuria in community-dwelling Japanese adults. Our findings further support the potential usefulness of urinary Na/K ratio as an indicator of sodium intake and suggest a link between sodium intake and kidney damage.

Funding

  • Government Support – Non-U.S.