Abstract: SA-PO279
Mediterranean Diet Adherence and the Risk of Kidney Stones
Session Information
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism: Calcium, Magnesium, Kidney Stones
November 09, 2019 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Walter E. Washington Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Bone and Mineral Metabolism
- 402 Bone and Mineral Metabolism: Clinical
Authors
- Ferraro, Pietro Manuel, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Rome, Italy
- Rodriguez, Adrian, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Roma, Italy
- Gambaro, Giovanni, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Taylor, Eric N., Maine Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Portland, Maine, United States
- Curhan, Gary C., Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Background
Diet plays an important role in kidney stone formation. Several individual components have been associated with an increased or decreased risk of kidney stones, but there is limited evidence about the role of healthful dietary patterns. The objective of this study is to examine prospectively the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the risk of incident kidney stones.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study using three different cohorts: the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n= 51,529 men), the Nurses’ Health Study I (n= 121,700 women) and the Nurses’ Health Study II (n=116,430 women). We assessed diet every four years using a food frequency questionnaire and calculated the adherence to a Mediterranean diet using the alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED). The score considers: a high ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids; high intakes of: fruit, nuts, whole grains, vegetables, fish and legumes; low intake of red and processed meats; and a moderate alcohol consumption. The score ranges from 0 to 9, with higher scores for higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine the independent association between the aMED and the incidence of kidney stones, adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
During more than 3 million person-years, 6,576 cases of incident kidney stones were identified. Participants with the highest aMED score (8/9) had lower BMI, lower percentage of hypertension, lower caffeine intake and higher intakes of supplements of vitamin C, calcium and total vitamin D. For participants in the highest aMED score category compared with participants in the lowest category, the risk of developing a kidney stone was between 20 and 43% lower in all the cohorts. The adjusted HR (95 % CI) for the highest category of the aMED score was 0.57 (0.38, 0.85) for HPFS (p-trend<0.001), 0.71 (0.45, 1.10) for NHS I (p-trend=0.001) and 0.80 (0.45, 1.10) for NHS II (p-trend= 0.003). When examining components of the score, high intake of fruits and whole grains, and moderate alcohol consumption, were associated with lower risk of kidney stone formation in all cohorts, while high intakes of legumes and nuts were associated with a lower risk in men, but not in women.
Conclusion
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of incident kidney stones.
Funding
- Other NIH Support