Abstract: SA-OR71
Effects of a Whole-Food, Plant-Based Nutrition Education Program on Blood Pressure and Potassium Levels in CKD
Session Information
- Nutritional and Lifestyle Interventions to Promote Health in CKD
November 04, 2023 | Location: Room 109, Pennsylvania Convention Center
Abstract Time: 04:57 PM - 05:06 PM
Category: Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
- 1500 Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism
Authors
- Liebman, Scott E., University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Barnett, Ted D., Rochester Lifestyle Medicine Institute, Rochester, New York, United States
- Campbell, Thomas M., University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Chen, Luojing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Friedman, Susan, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Hasan, Shamsul, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Le, Thu H., University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Monk, Rebeca D., University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Wixom, Nellie, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Zhang, Anne, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Campbell, Erin K., University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
Background
Evidence suggests adoption of a predominately whole food plant based diet (WFPBD) may be beneficial in management of CKD. Concerns over adherence and the potential for hyperkalemia may limit enthusiasm for this approach. This pilot trial tested the hypothesis that individuals with CKD 3 or 4 who attend an education program (known as Jumpstart [JS])- designed to foster lifestyle changes including adoption of a WFPBD via a combination of lectures, support systems and food demonstrations - would achieve lower blood pressure (BP) without an increased risk of hyperkalemia.
Methods
40 subjects with CKD 3 or 4, with HTN but without proteinuria or hyperkalemia, were randomized to attend the JS education program or not (controls). Participants had vital signs, laboratory studies, and food diaries done before and at the completion of the 15 day JS program (or equivalent times for the controls). At the end of the trial, t-tests were use to compare values between the intervention and control groups.
Results
JS participants (n = 20) saw a greater decrease in systolic BP from baseline to day 15 compared with controls (n = 20) but this did not reach statistical significance (-8 vs 2.8 mm Hg, p=0.12). Potassium changed by -0.01 mEq/L in the JS group and -0.08 mEq/L in the control group (p=0.62). JS subjects had a statistically significant decrease in body mass (3.0 vs. 0.12 kg, p< 0.0001) BMI (1.08 vs. 0.18, p= 0.0002), total cholesterol (39.35 vs. 4.95 mg/dl, p< 0.0001), LDL (28.35 vs. 0.6 mg/dl), HDL (8.15 vs. 0.4 mg/dl, p=0.008) and BUN (7.35 vs. 0.75 mg/dl, p=0.0001) compared with controls. Changes in albumin, phosphorus, PTH, other chemistry values, and measures of urinary 8-isoprostane, a marker of oxidative stress, were not different between the groups.
Conclusion
Subjects with CKD 3 or 4 attending the 15-day JS program emphasizing a WFPBD had non-significant reductions in systolic BP without increased risk of hyperkalemia. JS attendees achieved greater reduction in weight, BMI and most cholesterol values, without adverse effects on albumin and phosphorus. Larger trials are warranted to investigate potential long-term benefits of this approach.
Funding
- Clinical Revenue Support