Abstract: TH-PO1101
COVID-19 Vaccination (VAX) and Infection (INF)-Related Glomerular Diseases (GNs)
Session Information
- COVID-19 - I
November 02, 2023 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Pennsylvania Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Coronavirus (COVID-19)
- 000 Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors
- Pham, Phuong-Chi T., UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Valluri, Vinod K., UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Jafari, Golriz, UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Kamarzarian, Anita, UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Bath, Kulwant Singh, UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Haghi, Masoud, UCLA Medical Center Olive View, Sylmar, California, United States
- Pham, Phuong-Thu T., University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
Background
There have been numerous reports of GNs associated with both COVID-19 VAX and INF. We performed a systematic review per PRISMA involving reported COVID-19 VAX and INF-associated GN cases to explore for supportive evidence of a cause-and-effect rather than a fortuitous relationship.
Methods
We searched NLM, EMBASE, and the World Health Organization COVID-19 database for case reports and series, and observational studies for reported VAX or INF-associated GNs.
Results
Of 1261 articles identified, 117 articles were included. Fifty-eight articles pertained to infection- and 59 to vaccine-related GNs. Among vaccine-related GNs, the top 3 diagnoses were IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 35 out of 111 cases, 31.5%), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated GN (ANCA, 23 out of 111, 18.9%), and minimal change disease (MCD, 23 out of 111, 18.9%). Among infected patients, the top 3 were focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, 90 out of 162, 55.6%), ANCA-associated GN (34 out of 162, 21.0%), and IgAN (12 out of 162, 7.4%). The distributive patterns of reported GNs associated with the VAX and INF differ significantly compared with that in the pre-COVID era, where excluding diabetic glomerulosclerosis, the top 3 GNs globally were FSGS 17.4%, IgAN 16.5%, and MN 12.1%.
Conclusion
Based on the pathogenesis of GNs and systemic immune response to COVID-19 VAX and INF and the observed differences in GN patterns among pre-COVID era, VAX, and INF-reported GN cases, we suspect that the relationship betweent VAX and INF-reported GNs were directly causal rather than coincidental.
| GN | Pre-COVID global distribution (%) | COVID-19 vaccine n (%) | COVID-19 infection n (%) |
| Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis | 17.4 | 3 (2.7) | 90 (55.6) |
| IgA nephropathy/Henoch Schonlein purpura | 16.5 | 35 (31.5) | 12 (7.4) |
| Diabetic kidney disease | 13.9 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Membranous nephropathy | 12.1 | 10 (9) | 6 (3.7) |
| Lupus nephritis | 12.2 | 4 (3.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| ANCA | 6.2 | 21 (18.9) | 34 (21) |
| Minimal change disease | 5.2 | 21 (18.9) | 2 (1.2) |
| MPGN/C3GN | 3 | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0) |
| Renal amyloid | 2.9 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) |
| TTP/HUS | 2.5 | 4 (3.6) | 12 (7.4) |
| Others | 8.1 | 9 (8.1) | 4 (2.5) |
| Total | 100 | 111 (99.9) | 162 (100) |
Glomerular diseases reported following COVID-19 vaccination and infection in non-transplant patients.