Kidney Week

Abstract: TH-PO916

Dietary Patterns and Kidney Function in West Africans with CKD

Session Information

• Health Maintenance, Nutrition, Metabolism - I
  November 02, 2023 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Pennsylvania Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

• 1500 Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

Authors

• Kwakyi, Edward Papa Kwabena, University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

Edward Papa Kwabena Kwakyi,

• Ilori, Titilayo O., Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Titilayo O. Ilori,

• Zhao, Runqi, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Runqi Zhao,

• Parekh, Rulan S., Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Rulan S. Parekh,

• Ulasi, Ifeoma I., University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

Ifeoma I. Ulasi,

• Adu, Dwomoa, University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

Dwomoa Adu,

• Solarin, Adaobi, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

Adaobi Solarin,

• Raji, Yemi R., University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria

Yemi R. Raji,

• Mamven, Manmak, University of Abuja, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

Manmak Mamven,

• Mitchell, Diane C., Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, United States

Diane C. Mitchell,

• Waikar, Sushrut S., Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Sushrut S. Waikar,

• Ojo, Akinlolu, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States

Akinlolu Ojo,

• Gbadegesin, Rasheed A., Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States

Rasheed A. Gbadegesin,

Background

There is little known about the impact of dietary patterns on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in West Africa. Our study describes associations of dietary patterns with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and is the first study to do so in a well-phenotyped West African CKD cohort.

Methods

We analyzed participants in the Diet, Apolipoprotein L1 and CKD (DCA) study from 7 centers in West Africa (Ghana and Nigeria). Data from 24-hour dietary recalls were categorized into 32 food groups and 3 dietary patterns were derived via principal component analysis (PCA). Using mixed effect linear regression models, we estimated the b coefficients and 95% confidence intervals for quartiles of the dietary patterns and eGFR (2009 CKD-EPI equation, not corrected for race).

Results

Among 583 people with a mean age of 49±17 years and 51% males, the mean eGFR and median 24-hour urine protein were 68±39 mL/min/1.73m² and 0.31(IQR=0.13-1.07) g respectively. We identified the Dried Fish and Oil dietary pattern, Poultry and Cereal dietary pattern and the Fruit and Cereal dietary pattern. Compared to Q1 (lowest consumption) of the Poultry and Cereal pattern, higher quartiles were associated with higher eGFR in the unadjusted model (p for trend<0.001, Table 1). Adjusting for covariates attenuated the association. Age was associated with the Poultry and Cereal dietary Pattern (-0.02, p < 0.001). No other dietary patterns were associated with eGFR.

Conclusion

In our cross-sectional analyses, there was no association of dietary patterns with eGFR. Future studies on diet quality and nutrient contents and CKD progression in Africans are needed. Our next steps are to investigate other factors associated with dietary patterns in our population (aside from age) and examine longitudinal associations of dietary patterns with CKD progression.

Funding

• NIDDK Support