Abstract: SA-OR89
Plasma Proteome Profiling for Remission Diagnosis in ANCA Vasculitis
Session Information
- Glomerular Diseases: From Multiomics to Mechanisms
November 04, 2023 | Location: Room 103, Pennsylvania Convention Center
Abstract Time: 04:39 PM - 04:48 PM
Category: Glomerular Diseases
- 1401 Glomerular Diseases: From Inflammation to Fibrosis
Authors
- Kettritz, Ralph, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Jerke, Uwe, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Kirchner, Marieluise, Core Unit Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
- Bartolomaeus, Theda Ulrike Particia, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Ebert, Maximilian, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Kling, Lovis, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Forslund, Sofia Kirke, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Mertins, Philipp, Core Unit Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
- Eckardt, Kai-Uwe, Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Schreiber, Adrian, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association and Charité, Berlin, Germany
Background
Systemic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) requires intensive immunosuppressive treatment that is deescalated once patients achieved remission. Thus, reliably diagnosing remission has therapeutic implications but remains challenging. We hypothesized that the plasma proteome harbors objective information that may assist clinicians in diagnosing AAV remission.
Methods
Plasma proteomes from 50 healthy controls (HC), 59 active, and 55 remission AAV patients were analyzed with LC-MS/MS based proteomics. For data analysis, a machine learning pipeline was established, containing confounder analysis, LASSO regression and Likelihood ratio test. After “leave-one-out” validation the final biomarker combination for ANCA disease status assignment was tested on the 20/80 data split.
Results
From 970 identified proteins, 605 passed the quality check for quantification and 325 were differently expressed. The principal component analysis showed excellent separation of active and remission AAV patients. Using machine learning, we identified a 5-protein biomarker combination with the potential to separate active AAV from remission patients, namely leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, beta-2-microglobolin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, tenascin X, and alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein. Assessing all AAV patients, the 5-protein panel showed an AUC of 0.94 with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 87.5% and performed better than ANCA titer (AUC 0.75, NPV 63.6%) or c-reactive protein (CRP) (AUC 0.91, NPV 73.3%) using a binary logistic regression model of remission diagnosis. In challenging remission patients with positive ANCA, the panel was the better classifier compared to CRP (AUC 0.96, NPV 85.7% versus AUC 0.92, NPV 75.0%), and better than ANCA in challenging remission patients with increased CRP (AUC 0.82, NPV 83.3% versus AUC 0.68 without any value in diagnosing remission).
Conclusion
Using proteomics combined with machine learning, we identified a protein signature that may assist clinicians in diagnosing AAV remission and guiding immunosuppressive treatment.